|
Crater Lake is a caldera lake in the western United States, located in south-central Oregon. It is the main feature of Crater Lake National Park and is famous for its deep blue color and water clarity. The lake partly fills a nearly -deep caldera that was formed around 7,700 (± 150) years ago〔 〕 by the collapse of the volcano Mount Mazama. There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake; the evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 250 years. With a depth of , the lake is the deepest in the United States, and the seventh〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History and Culture )〕 or ninth deepest in the world, depending on whether average or maximum depth is measured.〔See further details in the prose and citations of #Dimensions and depth.〕 Crater Lake is also known for the "Old Man of the Lake", a full-sized tree which is now a stump that has been bobbing vertically in the lake for over a century. The low temperature of the water has slowed the decomposition of the wood, hence the longevity of the bobbing tree. Two islands are in Crater Lake; Wizard Island formed from a cinder cone that erupted after Crater Lake began to fill with water, and the smaller Phantom Ship has seven different trees living on it. There are also colonies of violet green swallows and several varieties of wildflowers and lichens living there. While having no indigenous fish population, the lake was stocked from 1888 to 1941 with a variety of fish. Several species have formed self-sustaining populations.〔 〕 Since 2002, one of the state's regular-issue license plate designs has featured Crater Lake. The commemorative Oregon State Quarter, which was released by the United States Mint in 2005, features an image of Crater Lake on its reverse.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = U.S. Department of the Treasury )〕 == Location == Crater Lake is located in Klamath County, approximately northwest of the county seat of Klamath Falls, and about northeast of the city of Medford.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/crla/planyourvisit/directions.htm )〕 In June 1853, John Wesley Hillman became the first non-native American explorer to report sighting the lake he named the "Deep Blue Lake." The lake was renamed at least three times, as Blue Lake, Lake Majesty, and finally Crater Lake.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crater Lake」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|
